Liquid-Cooling PACK

1. Induced Lightning OvervoltageInduced lightning overvoltage refers to the transient overvoltage generated on overhead distribution lines due to nearby lightning discharges, even when the line is not directly struck. When a lightning flash occurs in the vicinity, it induces a large amount of charge on the conductors—opposite in polarity to the charge in the thundercloud.Statistical data shows that lightning-related faults caused by induced overvoltages account for approximately 90% of total fau

Error Tolerance of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD): A Comprehensive Analysis Based on Application Scenarios, Equipment Accuracy, and Industry StandardsThe acceptable error range for Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) must be evaluated based on specific application contexts, measurement equipment accuracy, and applicable industry standards. Below is a detailed analysis of key performance indicators in power systems, industrial equipment, and general measurement applications.1. Harmonic Error Standar

The solid-state transformer (SST), also known as a power electronic transformer (PET), uses voltage level as a key indicator of its technological maturity and application scenarios. Currently, SSTs have reached voltage levels of 10 kV and 35 kV on the medium-voltage distribution side, while on the high-voltage transmission side, they remain in the stage of laboratory research and prototype validation. The table below clearly illustrates the current status of voltage levels across different appli

Air-insulated ring main units (RMUs) are defined in contrast to compact gas-insulated RMUs. Early air-insulated RMUs used vacuum or puffer-type load switches from VEI, as well as gas-generating load switches. Later, with the widespread adoption of the SM6 series, it became the mainstream solution for air-insulated RMUs. Similar to other air-insulated RMUs, the key difference lies in replacing the load switch with an SF6-encapsulated type—where the three-position switch for load and grounding is

1 IntroductionAccording to the provisions of the national standard GB/T 1094.3-2017, the primary purpose of the line terminal AC withstand voltage test (LTAC) for power transformers is to evaluate the AC dielectric strength from the high-voltage winding terminals to ground. It does not serve to assess inter-turn insulation or phase-to-phase insulation.Compared with other insulation tests (such as full lightning impulse LI or switching impulse SI), the LTAC test imposes a relatively more stringen

Expected service life of 30–40 years, front access, compact design equivalent to SF6-GIS, no SF6 gas handling – climate-friendly, 100% dry air insulation. The Nu1 switchgear is metal-enclosed, gas-insulated, featuring a withdrawable circuit breaker design, and has been type-tested according to relevant standards, approved by the internationally recognized STL laboratory.Compliance Standards Switchgear: IEC 62271-1 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: Common specifications for altern

What are the difficulties in overhead line operation and maintenance?Difficulty one:Overhead lines of distribution network have wide coverage,complicatedterrain,many radiation branches and distributed power supply,resultingin "many line faults and difficulty in fault troubleshooting".Difficulty Two:Manual troubleshooting is time-consuming and laborious.Meanwhile,therunning current,voltage and switching state of the line cannot be graspedin real time,because of the lack of intelligent technical m

1.Introduction​With the increasingly stringent requirements for power supply quality in high-end facilities such as precision manufacturing, medical diagnosis, and data centers, traditional power monitoring systems, due to their low sampling accuracy and weak data analysis capabilities, can no longer meet the demand for deep insight and precise management of power quality. In response, we are introducing a new generation ​High-Precision Electrical Parameter Monitoring System. With ​millisecond-l

1.System Overview​​Core Positioning:​​ AI-Driven Adaptive Power Security GuardianThe Intelligent Power Monitoring system is a new-generation power monitoring solution designed for the future. It breaks through the limitations of "passive alarm" inherent in traditional monitoring systems. By integrating edge computing, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence technologies, it constructs an integrated active defense system encompassing "perception - analysis - decision - early warning." The co