Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

White LED DefinitionA white LED is defined as a lighting technology that uses various methods to produce white light from LEDs, now widely used in multiple lighting applications.White Light Emitting Diodes, or White LEDs, have revolutionized lighting. Initially, LEDs were limited to indicators, displays, and emergency lighting. Now, white LEDs are used in almost all lighting applications, from indoor lighting to street lighting to flood lighting, making them ubiquitous.LEDs cannot naturally emit

What is a PIN Diode?PIN Diode DefinitionA PIN diode is a specific type of diode that features an undoped intrinsic semiconductor layer of silicon or germanium between the heavily doped p-type semiconductor and n-type semiconductor layers. Unlike standard diodes, it includes this additional layer, which poorly conducts electric current but is essential for certain electronic applications. It’s like having a p region, followed by an intrinsic region and then an N region, thus making it a PIN diode

What is an Ideal Diode?Ideal Diode DefinitionAn ideal diode is defined as a perfect diode without any flaws, operating ideally in both forward and reverse biased conditions. Typically, a diode works in either forward or reverse bias. We can analyze the characteristics of an ideal diode in these two modes separately.Characteristics of Ideal Diode when Forward Biased Zero ResistanceIn forward bias, an ideal diode offers zero resistance to current flow, making it a perfect conductor. This means the

What is Diode Current Equation?Diode Current Equation DefinitionThe diode current equation expresses the relationship between the current flowing through the diode as a function of the voltage applied across it. Mathematically the diode current equation can be expressed as: I is the current flowing through the diodeI0 is the dark saturation current,q is the charge on the electron,V is the voltage applied across the diode,η is the (exponential) ideality factor.is the Boltzmann constantT is the ab

Diode Resistance Resistance opposes the flow of current through a device. Diode resistance is the effective opposition a diode offers to current flow. Ideally, a diode offers zero resistance when forward biased and infinite resistance when reverse biased. However, no device is perfect. Practically, every diode has small resistance when forward biased and significant resistance when reverse biased. We can characterize a diode by its forward and reverse resistances.Forward ResistanceEven with forw

What are the Characteristics of Diode?Diode DefinitionWe use semiconductor materials (Si, Ge) to form variety of electronic devices. The most basic device is diode. Diode is a two terminal PN junction device. PN junction is formed by bringing a P type material in contact with N type material. When a P-type material is brought in contact with N- type material electrons and holes start recombining near the junction. This results in lack of charge carriers at the junction and thus the junction is c

What is an PN Junction Diode?PN Junction Diode A PN junction diode is a basic component in electronics. In this type of diode, one side of a semiconductor is doped with acceptor impurities (P-type) and the other side with donor impurities (N-type). This diode can be classified as either a ‘step graded’ or ‘linearly graded’ junction.In a step graded PN junction diode, the dopant concentration is uniform on both sides up to the junction. In a linearly graded junction, the doping concentration chan

What is a Tunnel Diode?Tunnel DiodeA tunnel diode (also known as a Esaki diode) is a type of semiconductor diode that has effectively “negative resistance” due to the quantum mechanical effect called tunneling. Tunnel diodes have a heavily doped pn junction that is about 10 nm wide. The heavy doping results in a broken band gap, where conduction band electron states on the N-side are more or less aligned with valence band hole states on the P-side.Transistors struggle with very high frequencies

What is a PIN Photodiode?PIN DiodePIN photodiode is a kind of photo detector, it can convert optical signals into electrical signals.This technology was developed in the late 1950s. The diode consists of three distinct regions.It includes a p-region, an intrinsic region, and an n-region. The p-region and n-region are more heavily doped compared to those in standard p-n diodes. Additionally, the intrinsic region is wider than the space charge region of a normal pn junction.The PIN photo diode ope

Reverse Recovery Time DefinitionReverse recovery time is defined as the period during which a diode continues to conduct in reverse after the bias is switched from forward to reverse.Understanding Reverse CurrentDuring the reverse recovery time, a large reverse current flows through the diode, which eventually decreases to a stable reverse saturation current.Softness Factor ExplainedThe softness factor, a crucial metric in diode performance, compares the time the current takes to reach its peak