Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

Drift velocity is defined as the net velocity of a particle that undergoes random changes in direction and speed. This concept is typically associated with free electrons moving within a conductor. Imagine these free electrons traversing the conductor with arbitrary speeds and in random directions. When an electric field is applied across the conductor, the haphazardly moving electrons encounter an electrical force aligned with the field direction.This applied field, however, doesn’t curtail the

AC circuits are usually three-phase for electrical distribution and electrical transmission purposes. Single phase circuits are commonly used in our domestic supply system.The total power of a three-phase AC circuit is equal to three times the single phase power.So if the power in a single phase of a three-phase system is ‘P’, then the total power of the three-phase system would by 3P (provided the three-phase system is perfectly balanced).But if the three-phase system is not exactly balanced, t

Similarly, the potential difference between two points is defined as the work required to be done for bringing a unit positive charge from one point to other point.When a body is charged, it can attract an oppositely charged body and can repulse a similar charged body. That means, the charged body has ability of doing work. That ability of doing work of a charged body is defined as electrical potential of that body.If two electrically charged bodies are connected by a conductor, the electrons st

What is Electric Charge?Every matter in this universe is made of atoms. The atoms are electrically neutral. This is because, each atom has equal number of protons and electrons. Protons have positive charge. In an atom, protons sit in the central nucleus along with electrically neutral neutrons. The protons are strongly bounded in the nucleus.So, protons cannot be detached from the nucleus by any normal process. Each electron revolves round the nucleus in definite orbit in the atom. Electrons ha

These are the questions which come in our minds every time when we are dealing with AC circuits.Suppose, we have a simple DC circuit (figure – 1) and we want to replicate it in an AC circuit. We got every thing same, except supply voltage which is now to be an AC supply voltage. Now, the question is what should be the value of AC supply voltage so that our circuit works exactly same as that of DC.Let us put same value of AC supply voltage (AC Vpeak = 10 volt) which is in our DC circuit. By doing

Norton’s Theorem is a principle in electrical engineering that allows the complex impedance of an electric circuit to be reduced to a single equivalent impedance. It states that any linear, two-terminal electrical network can be represented by an equivalent circuit consisting of a single current source in parallel with a single impedance. The current of the source is the short-circuit current of the network, and the impedance is the impedance seen looking into the circuit with the current source

The concept of electron volt is very simple. Let us start from very basic. We know the unit of power is watt.W = VI, where V is the voltage and I is the current.Now as I is current, it is nothing but rate of charge transfer. Therefore, instantaneous impression of power would beWhere, q(t) is the amount of charge transferred in time t.Now energy is expressed asWhere, q is the charge in Coulomb crosses a voltage V volts.From the expression of energy we can write the energy required or work to be d

What is Electrical Energy?Before explaining what electrical energy is, let us try to review the potential difference between two points in an electric field.Suppose potential difference between point A and point B in an electric is v volts.As per the definition of potential difference we can say, if one positive unit electrical charge that is a body containing one-coulomb positive charge travels from point A to point B, it will do v joules work.Now instead of one-coulomb charge if q coulomb char

In electrical engineering, the Maximum Power Transfer Theorem states that in a passive, two-port, linear network, the power transmitted to the load is maximised when the load resistance (RL)is equal to the Thevenin equivalent resistance (RTH) of the network. The Thevenin equivalent resistance of a network is the resistance seen looking into the terminals of the network with all sources of voltage removed and the terminals shorted together.The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem is based on the idea t

The ability of an element to give away its outermost electrons to form positive ions is manifested in the amount of energy supplied to its atoms sufficiently enough to take away the electrons out of them. This energy is known as Ionisation Energy. Simply speaking, the Ionisation Energy is the energy supplied to an isolated atom or molecule to knockout its most loosely bound valence shell electron to form a positive ion. Its unit is electron-volt eV or kJ/mol and is measured in an electric discha