Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

What is the Thomson Effect?Thomson effect definitionThe Thomson effect is an important part of the phenomenon of thermoelectricity, which describes the phenomenon of heat absorption or release in a conductor (or semiconductor) in the presence of a temperature gradient when an electric current is passed through the conductor.Working principleWhen an electric current passes through a conductor with a temperature gradient, the electrons (or other charge carriers) experience a different thermal envi

What is the Carnot Cycle?Carnot efficiency definitionCarnot efficiency refers to the maximum thermal efficiency that an ideal heat engine can achieve when working between a heat source and a cold source. It is an important concept in thermodynamics, and the Carnot efficiency is the theoretical limit, beyond which the efficiency of any practical heat engine will not exceed this limit.Carnot efficiency formulaPeculiarity Maximum efficiency: The Carnot efficiency gives the maximum possible efficien

What is the Paltier Effect?Definition of the Paltier effectPalber effect refers to when a current passes through a circuit composed of different conductors, in addition to irreversible joule heat, heat absorption and heat release will occur respectively at the junction of different conductors with the direction of the current.Working principleThe Paltier effect was discovered by the French physicist Paltier in 1834. It is based on the properties of thermoelectric materials, that is, when an elec

What are Thermoelectric Power Generators?Thermoelectric Generator DefinitionA thermoelectric generator (TEG) is a device that converts heat energy into electrical energy using the Seebeck effect. The Seebeck effect is a phenomenon that occurs when a temperature difference exists between two different conductors or a circuit of conductors, creating an electric potential difference. TEGs are solid-state devices that have no moving parts and can operate silently and reliably for long periods of tim

What is a Thermocouple?Thermocouple DefinitionA thermocouple is a device that converts temperature differences into an electric voltage, based on the principle of the thermoelectric effect. It is a type of sensor that can measure temperature at a specific point or location. Thermocouples are widely used in industrial, domestic, commercial, and scientific applications due to their simplicity, durability, low cost, and wide temperature range.Thermoelectric EffectThe thermoelectric effect is the ph

What is a Resistance Temperature Detector?Resistance Temperature Detector DefinitionA Resistance Temperature Detector (also known as a Resistance Thermometer or RTD) is an electronic device used to determine the temperature by measuring the resistance of an electrical wire. This wire is referred to as a temperature sensor. If we want to measure temperature with high accuracy, an RTD is the ideal solution, as it has good linear characteristics over a wide range of temperatures. Other common elect

What is a Thermistor?Thermistor DefinitionA thermistor (or thermal resistor) is defined as a resistor whose electrical resistance varies significantly with changes in temperature.Thermistors act as a passive component in a circuit. They are an accurate, cheap, and robust way to measure temperature.Although thermistors aren’t effective in extreme temperatures, they are preferred sensors for many applications.Thermistors are ideal when a precise temperature reading is required. The circuit symbol

What is an Electrical Conductors?Electrical Conductor DefinitionAn electrical conductor is defined as a material that permits the easy flow of electric charge primarily due to the movement of electrons.An electrical conductor is defined as an object or type of material that allows the flow of charge in one or more directions. Materials made of metal are common electrical conductors, as metals have high conductance and low resistance.Electrical conductors enable electrons to travel between atoms

Electrical Supply System DefinitionAn electrical supply system is defined as the network delivering electricity from generating stations to consumers, including transmission and distribution.In the past, the demand for electrical energy was low, and a single small generating unit could meet the local needs. Now, with modern lifestyles, the demand has skyrocketed. To meet this growing demand, we need many large power plants.However, building power plants near load centers, where many consumers ar

What is Electromagnetic Interference ?Definition of Electromagnetic InterferenceElectromagnetic interference (EMI) is defined as a disturbance affecting an electrical circuit due to electromagnetic induction or radiation.Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is defined as a disruption in an electrical circuit due to electromagnetic induction or external electromagnetic radiation. It occurs when the electromagnetic fields from one device interfere with another device.Electromagnetic (EM) waves are c