Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

Dielectric Test DefinitionThe dielectric test of a transformer checks the insulation’s ability to handle voltage without breaking down.Separate Source Voltage Withstand Test of TransformerThis dielectric test checks the main insulation’s ability to withstand voltage between the winding and the earth.Procedure All three line terminals of the winding to be tested are connected together. Other winding terminals not under test and the transformer tank should be connected to the earth. Then a single-

Vector Group Test DefinitionThe vector group test of a transformer checks the phase sequence and angular difference to ensure transformers can operate in parallel.Vector Group Test of TransformerThe vector group of a transformer is essential for successful parallel operation of transformers. Every electrical power transformer must undergo a vector group test at the factory to ensure it matches the customer’s specified vector group.The phase sequence, or the order in which phases reach their peak

Transformer DefinitionA transformer is defined as an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.Theory of Transformer on No-LoadHaving No Winding Resistance and No Leakage ReactanceConsider a transformer with only core losses, meaning it has no copper loss or leakage reactance of transformer. When an alternating current source is applied to the primary, it supplies current to magnetize the core of transformer.But this current

Losses in TransformerAs the electrical transformer is a static device, mechanical loss in transformer normally does not come into picture. We generally consider only electrical losses in transformer.Loss in any machine is broadly defined as difference between input power and output power. When input power is supplied to the primary of transformer, some portion of that power is used to compensate core losses in transformer i.e. Hysteresis loss in transformer and Eddy current loss in transformer c

Leakage Reactance DefinitionIn a transformer, not all the flux links both the primary and secondary windings. Some flux links with only one winding, called leakage flux. This leakage flux causes self-reactance in the affected winding.This self-reactance is also known as leakage reactance. When combined with the transformer’s resistance, it forms impedance. This impedance causes voltage drops in both the primary and secondary windings.Resistance of TransformerThe primary and secondary windings of

Distribution of ground fault current in the Zigzag winding of Earthing Transformer

Eddy Current DefinitionAccording to Lenz’s law, when a conducting loop is exposed to a changing magnetic field, it generates an emf that induces a current opposing the change. Similarly, when a magnetic field changes through a conducting body, like a filament or a slab, it causes currents to flow through the material’s cross-sections.These currents are given the name eddy currents after the water eddies that are small swirling whirlpools observed in lakes and oceans. These eddy current loops can

Routh Hurwitz Stability Criterion DefinitionIt is a method to determine the stability of a system using the characteristic equation.Hurwitz CriterionUsing the characteristic equation, we can create several Hurwitz determinants to determine the system’s stability. The characteristic equation of the system is defined as follows:There are n determinants for an nth order characteristic equation.Here is how to write determinants from the coefficients of the characteristic equation. Follow these steps

Restricted earth fault protection Circuit diagram of transformer

Root Locus Technique DefinedRoot locus in control system is a graphical approach used to analyze the effects of varying system parameters on the stability and performance of a control system.Advantages of Root Locus Technique Root locus technique in control system is easy to implement as compared to other methods. With the help of root locus we can easily predict the performance of the whole system. Root locus provides the better way to indicate the parameters.This article will frequently use sp