Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

Method of EarthingWe connect all the points to be earthed to the earthing grid using corrosion-resistant mild steel rods, buried at least 600 mm below ground. If these rods cross a cable trench, road, underground pipework, or rail track, they should be at least 300 mm below the barrier.We use MS rods for connecting the earth grid below ground level and MS flats above ground. The connection between different earthing points and the earthing grid is called the riser. We use MS flats for the riser

What is an Electrical Isolation Switch?Isolator DefinitionAn isolator in electrical systems is a manually operated mechanical switch that separates a part of the circuit for safe maintenance.A circuit breaker trips the circuit, but its open contacts are not visible from the outside. Therefore, it is unsafe to touch an electrical circuit by just switching off the breaker. For better safety, we need a way to visibly confirm that the circuit is open before touching it. An isolator is a mechanical s

Electrical Power Distribution System DefinitionAn electrical power distribution system is defined as a network that delivers power to individual consumer premises at a lower voltage level.An electrical power distribution system provides power to individual consumer premises. The distribution of electric power to different consumers is transmitted via a much lower voltage level compared to the transmission of power over long distances (i.e. over long transmission lines).The distribution of electr

What is Long Transmission Line?Definition of Long Transmission LineA long transmission line is defined as a transmission line longer than 250 km (150 miles), which needs a different modeling approach.A long transmission line is defined as a transmission line with a length greater than 250 km (150 miles). Unlike short transmission lines and medium transmission lines, long transmission lines need detailed modeling of their distributed parameters along the entire length. This makes calculating the

Medium Transmission Line DefinitionA medium transmission line is defined as a transmission line with a length between 80 km (50 miles) and 250 km (150 miles).A medium transmission line is defined as a transmission line with an effective length more than 80 km (50 miles) but less than 250 km (150 miles). Unlike a short transmission line, the line charging current of a medium transmission line is appreciable and hence the shunt capacitance must be considered (this is also the case for long transmi

Short Transmission Line DefinitionA short transmission line is defined as a transmission line less than 80 km (50 miles) long or with a voltage less than 69 kV.A short transmission line is defined as a transmission line with an effective length less than 80 km (50 miles), or with a voltage less than 69 kV. Unlike medium transmission lines and long transmission lines, the line charging current is negligible, and hence the shunt capacitance can be ignored.For short length, the shunt capacitance of

What is a Transmission Lines?Transmission Line DefinitionA transmission line is a designed conductor that carries large volumes of electrical power across large distances at high voltages.Line Types and LengthsTransmission lines are categorized by length; short lines are under 80 km, medium lines between 80 and 250 km, and long lines over 250 km.Efficiency ExplainedTransmission line efficiency is the ratio of power received to power sent, indicating how much power reaches its destination versus

What is Electrical Power System?Power System DefinitionAn electric power system is a network designed to efficiently generate, transmit, and distribute electricity to consumers.An electric power system is defined as a network of electrical components used to supply, transfer, and consume electric power. The supply is done through some form of generation (e.g. a power plant), the transfer is done through a transmission (via a transmission line) and distribution system, and the consumption can be

What is a Mixed Media Circuit Breaker?Mixed media circuit breaker definitionMixed-medium circuit breaker is a high-voltage circuit breaker that uses a variety of media (usually a combination of gas and solid materials) as insulation and arc extinguishing media. This type of circuit breaker is designed to combine the advantages of different media to improve the performance, reliability and environmental protection of the circuit breaker.Working principleThe operating principle of mixed media circ

What is an Air Switch?Air circuit breaker definitionAir circuit breaker is a kind of high voltage circuit breaker which uses air as arc extinguishing medium. Compared with other types of high-voltage circuit breakers such as SF6 circuit breakers and vacuum circuit breakers, air circuit breakers are usually suitable for lower voltage levels of power systems.Constituent structure Auxiliary contact Alarm contact Shunt release Undervoltage release Electric operating mechanism Turning handle Extensio