Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

Over - voltage and Over - current Aspects Ferroresonant over - voltage: In a non - effectively earthed neutral system, the magnetic circuits of equipment such as transformers, voltage transformers, and arc suppression coils may saturate, potentially triggering ferroresonance. The resulting over - voltage can increase the excitation current of the voltage transformer by dozens of times. Operating under high voltage and large current for an extended period causes the temperature of the transformer

Definition: Electrical earthing refers to the process of directly channeling the immediate discharge of electrical energy into the earth via a low - resistance wire. This is achieved by connecting the non - current - carrying components of electrical equipment or the neutral point of the power supply system to the ground.Galvanized iron is commonly used for electrical earthing purposes. Earthing offers a straightforward pathway for leakage current. When there's a short - circuit in the equipment

The vacuum arc - interrupting performance relies on the arcing within the metal vapor, which is generated from the contact material. Significantly, this process remains unaffected by low temperatures.A vacuum interrupter is typically fabricated from metals and ceramics and undergoes brazing at approximately 800 degrees Celsius. The material characteristics of both metal and ceramic, as well as the brazed joints between them, are inherently resistant to low - temperature impacts.Sliding guides ar

Timing tests serve the purpose of determining the durations for operations such as opening (tripping), closing, close - opening, and reclosing. These time measurements are crucial for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of circuit breakers, thus being a key outcome of proper circuit breaker design.The main contact times are verified after production, during commissioning, and while the circuit breaker is in - service as part of periodic maintenance. To conduct these tests, timing test devic

Definition of Electromagnetic Flow MeterAn electromagnetic flow meter is a device used to measure the flow of liquid as it passes through a pipeline. More specifically, electromagnetic flow meters are used to measure the flow rate of electrically conducting fluids. An electrically conductive liquid refers to any liquid that allows an electric current to pass through it.Working Principle of Electromagnetic Flow MeterElectromagnetic flow meters operate based on Faraday's Law of electromagnetic ind

Assessing the Integrity of Internal and External InsulationTo ensure the reliability and safety of circuit breakers, it is essential to evaluate both their internal and external insulation. Testing equipment typically has an output voltage of 10 kV and is designed to be portable so that it can be used in all substation environments. While this testing is primarily used for oil circuit breakers (CBs), it can also be applied to SF6 switchgear.Purpose of Power Factor TestsPower factor tests are con

Horizontal arrangement Uniform electric field distribution: In the horizontal arrangement, the three-phase conductors are on the same horizontal plane. This arrangement helps to make the electric field distribution around the conductors more uniform. A uniform electric field distribution can reduce the occurrence of corona. Corona refers to the discharge phenomenon that occurs when the air around the conductors is ionized under high voltage. It can cause power loss and radio interference. Facili

Materials and Conductivity Copper Wire: Copper has excellent electrical conductivity with low resistivity, meaning it can transmit current more efficiently than other materials in the same size. Therefore, copper wire is typically the preferred choice for efficient power transmission applications such as household wiring, industrial power distribution, etc. GI Wire (Galvanized Steel Wire): The core of GI wire is steel, coated with a layer of zinc to prevent corrosion. While steel's conductivity

The primary distinctions between low-frequency inverters and high-frequency inverters lie in their operating frequencies, design structures, and performance characteristics in different application scenarios. Below are detailed explanations from several perspectives:Operating Frequency Low-Frequency Inverter: Operates at a lower frequency, typically around 50Hz or 60Hz. Because its frequency is close to that of utility power, it is suitable for applications requiring stable sine wave output. Hig

In an ungrounded (or isolated grounding) power system, there indeed exists capacitive coupling between high-voltage lines and the earth, forming a capacitive current path. This phenomenon occurs because the electric field between the high-voltage conductors and their surrounding environment, including the ground, causes uneven charge distribution, resulting in what is known as "earth capacitance."Return Path Through Capacitive Coupling Earth Capacitance: Each high-voltage line has a certain amou