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Cost Differences and Performance Comparison of 35kV New Energy Transformers Based on Dry-Type, Mineral Oil, and Vegetable Oil
Using automation For users, when purchasing a 35kV new energy transformer, choosing between dry-type, mineral oil-filled, or vegetable oil-filled types involves multiple considerations. These include user habits, maintenance-free performance, safety and fire resistance, volume and weight, among others. However, cost differences are undoubtedly one of the most crucial factors.To illustrate the issue intuitively, this paper selects a three-level energy efficiency dual-winding new energy transformer with a rated ca
Ron
07/26/2025
What is the connection group of a transformer?
Using automation Transformer Connection GroupThe connection group of a transformer refers to the phase difference between the primary and secondary voltages or currents. It is determined by the winding directions of the primary and secondary coils, the labeling of their start and end terminals, and the connection mode. Expressed in a clock-like format, there are 12 groups in total, numbered from 0 to 11.The DC method is commonly used to measure the transformer's connection group, mainly to verify whether the con
Vziman
07/26/2025
Working Voltage in Power System
Using automation Working VoltageThe term "working voltage" refers to the maximum voltage that a device can withstand without sustaining damage or burning out, while ensuring the reliability, safety, and proper operation of both the device and associated circuits.For long-distance power transmission, the use of high voltage is advantageous. In AC systems, maintaining a load power factor as close to unity as possible is also economically necessary. Practically, heavy currents are more challenging to handle than hi
Encyclopedia
07/26/2025
What is Steady State Stability in Power System?
Using automation Definition of Steady State StabilitySteady state stability is defined as the capability of an electric power system to sustain its initial operating condition following a small disturbance, or to converge to a state closely approximating the initial condition when the disturbance persists. This concept holds critical significance in power system planning and design, the development of specialized automatic control devices, the commissioning of new system components, and the adjustment of operati
Edwiin
07/26/2025
What is the sequence for powering down the transformer?
Using automation The sequence for shutting down a main transformer is as follows: when de-energizing, the load side should be shut down first, followed by the power supply side. For energizing operations, the reverse order applies: the power supply side is energized first, then the load side. This is because: Energizing from the power supply side to the load side makes it easier to identify the fault range and take prompt judgment and handling measures in case of a fault, preventing the fault from spreading or e
Rockwell
07/26/2025
What are the methods for switching operations of station transformers?
Using automation Let's take an auxiliary power system with two station transformers as an example. When one station transformer needs to be out of service, there are two operation methods: non-interruptive power supply and instantaneous power interruption. Generally, the method of instantaneous power interruption on the low-voltage side is preferred.The operation method for instantaneous power interruption on the low-voltage side is as follows:Open the 380V power incoming circuit breaker of the corresponding sec
Vziman
07/26/2025
What is Voltage Stability in Power Systems?
Using automation Definition of Voltage StabilityVoltage stability in a power system is defined as the ability to maintain acceptable voltages at all buses under both normal operating conditions and after being subjected to a disturbance. In normal operation, the system’s voltages remain stable; however, when a fault or disturbance occurs, voltage instability may arise, leading to a progressive and uncontrollable voltage decline. Voltage stability is sometimes referred to as "load stability."Voltage instability c
Encyclopedia
07/26/2025
Design and Implementation of Special Transformer with Automatic Capacity Regulation
Using automation 1. IntroductionEnergy is essential for societal operation and development. To meet national energy - conservation and emission - reduction policies, improving resource utilization—critical for power enterprises—is necessary. Multi - stage rural grid upgrades drive distribution transformer development. Despite high efficiency, widespread transformers still face significant overall losses due to capacity and usage issues; 70% of medium - and low - voltage grid losses come from distribu
Ron
07/26/2025
Difference Between Shunt and Series Voltage Regulator
Using automation Linear voltage regulators are mainly classified into two types: shunt voltage regulators and series voltage regulators. The key difference between them lies in the connection of the control element: in a shunt voltage regulator, the control element is connected in parallel with the load; in contrast, in a series voltage regulator, the control element is connected in series with the load. These two types of voltage regulator circuits operate on different principles and thus have their own advanta
Edwiin
07/25/2025
Frequency division method for measuring grid-to-ground insulation parameters
Using automation The frequency division method enables the measurement of grid-to-ground parameters by injecting a current signal of a different frequency into the open delta side of the potential transformer (PT).This method is applicable to ungrounded systems; however, when measuring the grid-to-ground parameters of a system where the neutral point is grounded via an arc suppression coil, the arc suppression coil must be disconnected from operation beforehand. Its measurement principle is shown in Figure 1.As
Leon
07/25/2025
What is Dual Trace Oscilloscope?
Using automation What is Dual Trace Oscilloscope?DefinitionA dual-trace oscilloscope uses a single electron beam to generate two separate traces, each deflected by an independent input source. To produce these two traces, it primarily employs two operating modes—alternate mode and chopped mode—controlled by a switch.Purpose of a Dual-Trace OscilloscopeWhen analyzing or studying multiple electronic circuits, comparing their voltage characteristics is often critical. While one could use multiple oscilloscopes for
Encyclopedia
07/25/2025
What is Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO)?
Using automation What is Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO)?DefinitionA cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) is an electrical instrument for measuring, analyzing and visualizing waveforms and other electronic/electrical phenomena. As a high - speed X - Y plotter, it shows an input signal against another signal or time. Capable of analyzing waveforms, transient phenomena and time - varying quantities across a wide frequency range (from very low to radio frequencies), it mainly operates on voltage. Other physical quantities
Edwiin
07/25/2025
Selection and Application of Small Reactors at the Neutral Point of 500kV Substations
Using automation 1 Relevant Theories of Small Neutral Point Reactors in 500kV Substations1.1 Definitions and RolesA reactor is a key power system component that controls the phase relationship between AC current and voltage, divided into inductive and capacitive types. Inductive reactors limit short-circuit currents and improve stability; capacitive ones enhance transmission efficiency and voltage quality. A small neutral point reactor is a specialized type connected between a three-phase system's neutral point
Echo
07/25/2025
The insulation parameters of the power grid to ground are measured by the tuning method
Using automation The tuning method is suitable for measuring the ground parameters of systems where the neutral point is grounded via an arc suppression coil, but not applicable to ungrounded neutral point systems. Its measurement principle involves injecting a current signal with continuously varying frequency from the secondary side of the Potential Transformer (PT), measuring the returned voltage signal, and identifying the system's resonant frequency.During the frequency sweeping process, each injected heter
Leon
07/25/2025
Practice and Significance of 500kV Dry - type Shunt Reactor Technology in Brazil
Using automation 1 Technical Features and Standard References of 500kV Dry - type Shunt Reactors1.1 Technical FeaturesThe 500kV dry - type shunt reactor, an oil - free power device for ultra - high - voltage transmission systems, boasts core features like advanced insulation, innovative heat dissipation, optimized electromagnetic design, and modular structure. These advantages, outperforming traditional oil - immersed reactors, also drive new technical standard demands.Advanced Insulation: Using epoxy resin cast
Echo
07/24/2025
Research on the Withstand Voltage Test Method for UHV Oil - immersed Reactors
Using automation 1 Investigation of Insulation Defects in UHV Oil - immersed ReactorsKey challenges in high - voltage oil - filled reactors during operation include insulation faults, iron - core magnetic leakage heating, vibration/noise, and oil leakage.1.1 Insulation FaultsParallel - connected reactors, once connected to the main grid’s primary coil and put into use, operate at full power long - term. Sustained high voltage raises operating temperatures, accelerating aging of coil insulation materials an
Oliver Watts
07/24/2025
Research on the Structural Design and Application of Controllable Reactors in Smart Grids
Using automation Reactors are key for reactive power compensation in power systems, with magnetically controlled reactors as a research focus. A smart grid, upgrading the traditional one via advanced tech, boosts safety and reliability, raising demands for controllable reactors. Thus, developing new - type ones matters. This paper, combining practice, explores their structural design and application to drive innovation and enhance smart grid construction.1 Functions and Application Status of Controllable Reactor
Dyson
07/24/2025
What are the functional classifications of reactors?
Using automation Classification of Reactors by Function (Main Applications)Reactors play a crucial role in power systems. One of the most common and important ways to classify them is by their function — that is, what they’re used for. Let’s take a closer look at each type in simple, easy-to-understand terms.1. Current-Limiting ReactorsSeries ReactorsThese reactors areconnected in serieswith the circuit — kind of like a speed bump in the electrical flow.Purpose: Increase the impedance of
Echo
07/24/2025
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